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1Section A Directions：In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each
2blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before
3making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each
4item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than
5once. Researchers, writing in the journal Heart, pooled data from 23 studies and found that social isolation or feelings
6of loneliness were tied to an increased risk of coronary heart disease (冠心病) and strokes. The studies included data from
7181,006 men and women ages 18 and over. There were 4,628 coronary events and 3,002 strokes in follow-up periods ___26___
8from three to 21 years. Three of the papers ___27___ loneliness, 18 looked at social isolation and two included both.
9Social isolation and loneliness were determined with questionnaires; the researchers depended on medical records and
10death ___28___ for determining coronary events and strokes. The scientists found that loneliness and social isolation
11increased the ___29___ risk of having a heart attack or a death from heart disease by 29 percent, and the risk of stroke
12by 32 percent. There were no ___30___ between men and women. "People have tended to focus from a policy point of view on
13___31___ lonely people to make them more ___32___," said the lead author, Nicole K. Valtorta, a research fellow at the
14University of York in England. "Our study ___33___ that if this is a risk factor, then we should be trying to prevent
15the risk factor in the first place." The authors ___34___ that this was a review of observational studies and did not 35
16cause and effect.
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