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1This is the result of my experience in raising beans. Plant the common small white bush bean about the first of June, in
2rows three feet by eighteen inches apart, being careful to select fresh round and unmixed seed. First look out for
3worms, and supply vacancies by planting anew. Then look out for woodchucks, if it is an exposed place, for they will
4nibble off the earliest tender leaves almost clean as they go; and again, when the young tendrils make their appearance,
5they have notice of it, and will shear them off with both buds and young pods, sitting erect like a squirrel. But above
6all harvest as early as possible, if you would escape frosts and have a fair and salable crop; you may save much loss by
7this means. This further experience also I gained. I said to myself, I will not plant beans and corn with so much
8industry another summer, but such seeds, if the seed is not lost, as sincerity, truth, simplicity, faith, innocence, and
9the like, and see if they will not grow in this soil, even with less toil and manurance, and sustain me, for surely it
10has not been exhausted for these crops. Alas! I said this to myself; but now another summer is gone, and another, and
11another, and I am obliged to say to you, Reader, that the seeds which I planted, if indeed they were the seeds of those
12virtues, were wormeaten or had lost their vitality, and so did not come up. Commonly men will only be brave as their
13fathers were brave, or timid. This generation is very sure to plant corn and beans each new year precisely as the
14Indians did centuries ago and taught the first settlers to do, as if there were a fate in it. I saw an old man the other
15day, to my astonishment, making the holes with a hoe for the seventieth time at least, and not for himself to lie down
16in! But why should not the New Englander try new adventures, and not lay so much stress on his grain, his potato and
17grass crop, and his orchards,--raise other crops than these? Why concern ourselves so much about our beans for seed, and
18not be concerned at all about a new generation of men? We should really be fed and cheered if when we met a man we were
19sure to see that some of the qualities which I have named, which we all prize more than those other productions, but
20which are for the most part broadcast and floating in the air, had taken root and grown in him. Here comes such a
21subtile and ineffable quality, for instance, as truth or justice, though the slightest amount or new variety of it,
22along the road. Our ambassadors should be instructed to send home such seeds as these, and Congress help to distribute
23them over all the land. We should never stand upon ceremony with sincerity. We should never cheat and insult and banish
24one another by our meanness, if there were present the kernel of worth and friendliness. We should not meet thus in
25haste. Most men I do not meet at all, for they seem not to have time; they are busy about their beans. We would not deal
26with a man thus plodding ever, leaning on a hoe or a spade as a staff between his work, not as a mushroom, but partially
27risen out of the earth, something more than erect, like swallows alighted and walking on the ground:-- "And as he spake,
28his wings would now and then Spread, as he meant to fly, then close again," so that we should suspect that we might be
29conversing with an angel. Bread may not always nourish us; but it always does us good, it even takes stiffness out of
30our joints, and makes us supple and buoyant, when we knew not what ailed us, to recognize any generosity in man or
31Nature, to share any unmixed and heroic joy. Ancient poetry and mythology suggest, at least, that husbandry was once a
32sacred art; but it is pursued with irreverent haste and heedlessness by us, our object being to have large farms and
33large crops merely. We have no festival, nor procession, nor ceremony, not excepting our Cattle-shows and so called
34Thanksgivings, by which the farmer expresses a sense of the sacredness of his calling, or is reminded of its sacred
35origin. It is the premium and the feast which tempt him. He sacrifices not to Ceres and the Terrestrial Jove, but to the
36infernal Plutus rather. By avarice and selfishness, and a grovelling habit, from which none of us is free, of regarding
37the soil as property, or the means of acquiring property chiefly, the landscape is deformed, husbandry is degraded with
38us, and the farmer leads the meanest of lives. He knows Nature but as a robber. Cato says that the profits of
39agriculture are particularly pious or just, (maximeque pius quæstus), and according to Varro the old Romans "called the
40same earth Mother and Ceres, and thought that they who cultivated it led a pious and useful life, and that they alone
41were left of the race of King Saturn." We are wont to forget that the sun looks on our cultivated fields and on the
42prairies and forests without distinction. They all reflect and absorb his rays alike, and the former make but a small
43part of the glorious picture which he beholds in his daily course. In his view the earth is all equally cultivated like
44a garden. Therefore we should receive the benefit of his light and heat with a corresponding trust and magnanimity. What
45though I value the seed of these beans, and harvest that in the fall of the year? This broad field which I have looked
46at so long looks not to me as the principal cultivator, but away from me to influences more genial to it, which water
47and make it green. These beans have results which are not harvested by me. Do they not grow for woodchucks partly? The
48ear of wheat (in Latin spica, obsoletely speca, from spe, hope) should not be the only hope of the husbandman; its
49kernel or grain (granum from gerendo, bearing) is not all that it bears. How, then, can our harvest fail? Shall I not
50rejoice also at the abundance of the weeds whose seeds are the granary of the birds? It matters little comparatively
51whether the fields fill the farmer's barns. The true husbandman will cease from anxiety, as the squirrels manifest no
52concern whether the woods will bear chestnuts this year or not, and finish his labor with every day, relinquishing all
53claim to the produce of his fields, and sacrificing in his mind not only his first but his last fruits also.
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