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1"Because it requires incalculable strength to keep one's self in these strata and resist their pressure. Listen to me.
2Let us admit that the pressure of the atmosphere is represented by the weight of a column of water thirty-two feet high.
3In reality the column of water would be shorter, as we are speaking of sea water, the density of which is greater than
4that of fresh water. Very well, when you dive, Ned, as many times thirty-two feet of water as there are above you, so
5many times does your body bear a pressure equal to that of the atmosphere, that is to say, 15 lbs. for each square inch
6of its surface. It follows, then, that at 320 feet this pressure = that of 10 atmospheres, of 100 atmospheres at 3200
7feet, and of 1000 atmospheres at 32,000 feet, that is, about 6 miles; which is equivalent to saying that if you could
8attain this depth in the ocean, each square three-eighths of an inch of the surface of your body would bear a pressure
9of 5600 lbs. Ah! my brave Ned, do you know how many square inches you carry on the surface of your body?" "I have no
10idea, M. Aronnax." "About 6500; and, as in reality the atmospheric pressure is about 15 lbs. to the square inch, your
116500 square inches bear at this moment a pressure of 97,500 lbs." "Without my perceiving it?" "Without your perceiving
12it. And if you are not crushed by such a pressure, it is because the air penetrates the interior of your body with equal
13pressure. Hence perfect equilibrium between the interior and exterior pressure, which thus neutralise each other, and
14which allows you to bear it without inconvenience. But in the water it is another thing." "Yes, I understand," replied
15Ned, becoming more attentive; "because the water surrounds me, but does not penetrate." "Precisely, Ned: so that at 32
16feet beneath the surface of the sea you would undergo a pressure of 97,500 lbs.; at 320 feet, ten times that pressure;
17at 3200 feet, a hundred times that pressure; lastly, at 32,000 feet, a thousand times that pressure would be 97,500,000
18lbs.--that is to say, that you would be flattened as if you had been drawn from the plates of a hydraulic machine!" "The
19devil!" exclaimed Ned. "Very well, my worthy harpooner, if some vertebrate, several hundred yards long, and large in
20proportion, can maintain itself in such depths--of those whose surface is represented by millions of square inches, that
21is by tens of millions of pounds, we must estimate the pressure they undergo. Consider, then, what must be the
22resistance of their bony structure, and the strength of their organisation to withstand such pressure!" "Why!" exclaimed
23Ned Land, "they must be made of iron plates eight inches thick, like the armoured frigates." "As you say, Ned. And think
24what destruction such a mass would cause, if hurled with the speed of an express train against the hull of a vessel."
25"Yes--certainly--perhaps," replied the Canadian, shaken by these figures, but not yet willing to give in. "Well, have I
26convinced you?" "You have convinced me of one thing, sir, which is that, if such animals do exist at the bottom of the
27seas, they must necessarily be as strong as you say." "But if they do not exist, mine obstinate harpooner, how explain
28the accident to the Scotia?"
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