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1Now this ambergris is a very curious substance, and so important as an article of commerce, that in 1791 a certain
2Nantucket-born Captain Coffin was examined at the bar of the English House of Commons on that subject. For at that time,
3and indeed until a comparatively late day, the precise origin of ambergris remained, like amber itself, a problem to the
4learned. Though the word ambergris is but the French compound for grey amber, yet the two substances are quite distinct.
5For amber, though at times found on the sea-coast, is also dug up in some far inland soils, whereas ambergris is never
6found except upon the sea. Besides, amber is a hard, transparent, brittle, odorless substance, used for mouth-pieces to
7pipes, for beads and ornaments; but ambergris is soft, waxy, and so highly fragrant and spicy, that it is largely used
8in perfumery, in pastiles, precious candles, hair-powders, and pomatum. The Turks use it in cooking, and also carry it
9to Mecca, for the same purpose that frankincense is carried to St. Peter's in Rome. Some wine merchants drop a few
10grains into claret, to flavor it. Who would think, then, that such fine ladies and gentlemen should regale themselves
11with an essence found in the inglorious bowels of a sick whale! Yet so it is. By some, ambergris is supposed to be the
12cause, and by others the effect, of the dyspepsia in the whale. How to cure such a dyspepsia it were hard to say, unless
13by administering three or four boat loads of Brandreth's pills, and then running out of harm's way, as laborers do in
14blasting rocks. I have forgotten to say that there were found in this ambergris, certain hard, round, bony plates, which
15at first Stubb thought might be sailors' trowsers buttons; but it afterwards turned out that they were nothing more than
16pieces of small squid bones embalmed in that manner. Now that the incorruption of this most fragrant ambergris should be
17found in the heart of such decay; is this nothing? Bethink thee of that saying of St. Paul in Corinthians, about
18corruption and incorruption; how that we are sown in dishonor, but raised in glory. And likewise call to mind that
19saying of Paracelsus about what it is that maketh the best musk. Also forget not the strange fact that of all things of
20ill-savor, Cologne-water, in its rudimental manufacturing stages, is the worst. I should like to conclude the chapter
21with the above appeal, but cannot, owing to my anxiety to repel a charge often made against whalemen, and which, in the
22estimation of some already biased minds, might be considered as indirectly substantiated by what has been said of the
23Frenchman's two whales. Elsewhere in this volume the slanderous aspersion has been disproved, that the vocation of
24whaling is throughout a slatternly, untidy business. But there is another thing to rebut. They hint that all whales
25always smell bad. Now how did this odious stigma originate? I opine, that it is plainly traceable to the first arrival
26of the Greenland whaling ships in London, more than two centuries ago. Because those whalemen did not then, and do not
27now, try out their oil at sea as the Southern ships have always done; but cutting up the fresh blubber in small bits,
28thrust it through the bung holes of large casks, and carry it home in that manner; the shortness of the season in those
29Icy Seas, and the sudden and violent storms to which they are exposed, forbidding any other course. The consequence is,
30that upon breaking into the hold, and unloading one of these whale cemeteries, in the Greenland dock, a savor is given
31forth somewhat similar to that arising from excavating an old city grave-yard, for the foundations of a Lying-in
32Hospital. I partly surmise also, that this wicked charge against whalers may be likewise imputed to the existence on the
33coast of Greenland, in former times, of a Dutch village called Schmerenburgh or Smeerenberg, which latter name is the
34one used by the learned Fogo Von Slack, in his great work on Smells, a text-book on that subject. As its name imports
35(smeer, fat; berg, to put up), this village was founded in order to afford a place for the blubber of the Dutch whale
36fleet to be tried out, without being taken home to Holland for that purpose. It was a collection of furnaces,
37fat-kettles, and oil sheds; and when the works were in full operation certainly gave forth no very pleasant savor. But
38all this is quite different with a South Sea Sperm Whaler; which in a voyage of four years perhaps, after completely
39filling her hold with oil, does not, perhaps, consume fifty days in the business of boiling out; and in the state that
40it is casked, the oil is nearly scentless. The truth is, that living or dead, if but decently treated, whales as a
41species are by no means creatures of ill odor; nor can whalemen be recognised, as the people of the middle ages affected
42to detect a Jew in the company, by the nose. Nor indeed can the whale possibly be otherwise than fragrant, when, as a
43general thing, he enjoys such high health; taking abundance of exercise; always out of doors; though, it is true, seldom
44in the open air. I say, that the motion of a Sperm Whale's flukes above water dispenses a perfume, as when a
45musk-scented lady rustles her dress in a warm parlor. What then shall I liken the Sperm Whale to for fragrance,
46considering his magnitude? Must it not be to that famous elephant, with jewelled tusks, and redolent with myrrh, which
47was led out of an Indian town to do honor to Alexander the Great?
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