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1"If I could have believed that Fortune would have cut me off in the midst of the career which was leading to that glory
2which all my successes promised, I should have laboured less, and I should have left thee, if a smaller state, at least
3with fewer enemies and perils, because I should have been content with the governorships of Lucca and Pisa. I should
4neither have subjugated the Pistoians, nor outraged the Florentines with so many injuries. But I would have made both
5these peoples my friends, and I should have lived, if no longer, at least more peacefully, and have left you a state
6without a doubt smaller, but one more secure and established on a surer foundation. But Fortune, who insists upon having
7the arbitrament of human affairs, did not endow me with sufficient judgment to recognize this from the first, nor the
8time to surmount it. Thou hast heard, for many have told thee, and I have never concealed it, how I entered the house of
9thy father whilst yet a boy--a stranger to all those ambitions which every generous soul should feel--and how I was
10brought up by him, and loved as though I had been born of his blood; how under his governance I learned to be valiant
11and capable of availing myself of all that fortune, of which thou hast been witness. When thy good father came to die,
12he committed thee and all his possessions to my care, and I have brought thee up with that love, and increased thy
13estate with that care, which I was bound to show. And in order that thou shouldst not only possess the estate which thy
14father left, but also that which my fortune and abilities have gained, I have never married, so that the love of
15children should never deflect my mind from that gratitude which I owed to the children of thy father. Thus I leave thee
16a vast estate, of which I am well content, but I am deeply concerned, inasmuch as I leave it thee unsettled and
17insecure. Thou hast the city of Lucca on thy hands, which will never rest contented under thy government. Thou hast also
18Pisa, where the men are of nature changeable and unreliable, who, although they may be sometimes held in subjection, yet
19they will ever disdain to serve under a Lucchese. Pistoia is also disloyal to thee, she being eaten up with factions and
20deeply incensed against thy family by reason of the wrongs recently inflicted upon them. Thou hast for neighbours the
21offended Florentines, injured by us in a thousand ways, but not utterly destroyed, who will hail the news of my death
22with more delight than they would the acquisition of all Tuscany. In the Emperor and in the princes of Milan thou canst
23place no reliance, for they are far distant, slow, and their help is very long in coming. Therefore, thou hast no hope
24in anything but in thine own abilities, and in the memory of my valour, and in the prestige which this latest victory
25has brought thee; which, as thou knowest how to use it with prudence, will assist thee to come to terms with the
26Florentines, who, as they are suffering under this great defeat, should be inclined to listen to thee. And whereas I
27have sought to make them my enemies, because I believed that war with them would conduce to my power and glory, thou
28hast every inducement to make friends of them, because their alliance will bring thee advantages and security. It is of
29the greatest important in this world that a man should know himself, and the measure of his own strength and means; and
30he who knows that he has not a genius for fighting must learn how to govern by the arts of peace. And it will be well
31for thee to rule thy conduct by my counsel, and to learn in this way to enjoy what my life-work and dangers have gained;
32and in this thou wilt easily succeed when thou hast learnt to believe that what I have told thee is true. And thou wilt
33be doubly indebted to me, in that I have left thee this realm and have taught thee how to keep it." After this there
34came to Castruccio those citizens of Pisa, Pistoia, and Lucca, who had been fighting at his side, and whilst
35recommending Pagolo to them, and making them swear obedience to him as his successor, he died. He left a happy memory to
36those who had known him, and no prince of those times was ever loved with such devotion as he was. His obsequies were
37celebrated with every sign of mourning, and he was buried in San Francesco at Lucca. Fortune was not so friendly to
38Pagolo Guinigi as she had been to Castruccio, for he had not the abilities. Not long after the death of Castruccio,
39Pagolo lost Pisa, and then Pistoia, and only with difficulty held on to Lucca. This latter city continued in the family
40of Guinigi until the time of the great-grandson of Pagolo.
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